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ADHD and Anxiety Medication Anxiety disorders are frequently associated with ADHD. Anxiety can cause restlessness sleep disturbance and irritability. Stimulant medications can help alleviate these symptoms, but they can also cause side effects such as small growth reductions and tics in children and adolescents. In addition, some people experience anxiety-related issues when taking stimulant medication. Stimulants Stimulants can be used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy. They are also popular among recreational drug users as stimulants and performance-enhancing substances because of their ability to increase energy, alertness and focus. They are available in the form of tablets, capsules or chunky crystals. They can also be found in white or brown dust. In large doses, they can cause over-stimulation, resulting in anxiety and stomach cramps, panic, paranoia and aggression. Long-term stimulant use can lead to addiction, serious adverse effects, such as heart issues stroke, high pressure and heart problems. The drugs that are commonly prescribed to treat ADHD are also proven to have a track record of relieving the symptoms of anxiety. They are effective by boosting brain chemical such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. They are less in ADHD patients. This increases activity and communication between parts of the brain that regulate attention and executive function. This leads to an improvement in impulse control, and anxiety symptoms diminish. Studies have shown that both atomoxetine and the methylphenidate reduce anxiety symptoms in adults suffering from ADHD and other anxiety disorders. The improvement in anxiety symptoms was evident from the fourth week of treatment for both medications and the benefits were sustained through 8 weeks of treatment. It is crucial to remember that the kind of medication that may be most effective for treating anxiety and ADHD co-occurring symptoms might depend on which disorder is more affecting the quality of life of an individual. An individual may experience many mini-crises that cause worry in a regular manner as they rush to make appointments or keep up with projects at work or school. These are stressful and can cause anxiety more frequently than symptoms of a panic attack or phobia. In these instances, antidepressants, or SSRIs are the best choice to combat anxiety-related symptoms. These drugs have been proven effective at decreasing anxiety levels in adults. These are usually taken orally and can take a little longer to work, but the most popular options are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) such as Sertraline and Fluoxetine, and serotonin and norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) like venlafaxine and duloxetine. These drugs can be utilized in conjunction with cognitive-behavioral treatment for anxiety. They are particularly useful for patients who have a racing or elevated heart rate. SSRIs SSRIs are antidepressant medications are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders. Prozac, the prototype drug of this class, is fluoxetine. The SSRIs are also able to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. These drugs are a bit more versatile than earlier generation antidepressants, and they have fewer and fewer dangerous side effects. The SSRIs block the reuptake of serotonin at synapses. This causes the neurotransmitter remain active within the synapse and communicate with the post-synaptic cell for more times than it would otherwise. This can increase the production of norepinephrine and reduce anxiety. It can also increase the levels of neuronal cyclicAMP (cAMP), stimulating the synthesis of proteins. SSRIs can also reduce the amount of impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can also improve the quality of sleep and decrease agitation in individuals with ADHD. However, these medications can increase the likelihood of suicidal thoughts and behavior in certain individuals. They may also increase appetite and weight gain when they first begin. The SNRIs are a distinct type of antidepressant than SSRIs. SNRIs block the reuptake both of serotonin as well as norepinephrine. They also have an impact on anxiety. They can improve the functioning of both the heart muscle and blood vessels. This can reduce feelings like anxiety and stress. Certain people with bipolar disorder can also benefit from their use. adult adhd medication (Cymbalta), venlafaxine, (Effexor XR, Pristiq) and desvenlafaxine are the most common SNRIs. SNRIs may cause blood pressure to rise in certain individuals, so those who suffer from high blood pressure or cardiovascular disease should stay clear of these medications. In addition to medication, there are a number of behavioral treatments that can help with anxiety and ADHD. Meditation and mindfulness techniques can reduce stress and anxiety. Some people find tapping specific points on their body, also known as Emotional Freedom Techniques can help reduce the cortisol hormone that causes anxiety. Exercise and diet can also reduce anxiety. Your doctor can recommend eating a diet that is based on whole grains, fruits and vegetables and avoiding sugar, which can increase anxiety in some ADHD children and adults. Non-stimulant based medications Although stimulants are highly effective in treating ADHD and have been extensively researched, they may not be the most appropriate choice for people who suffer from anxiety or ADHD. Stimulant medication can cause adverse effects like anxiety and jitteriness. These symptoms can mirror or worsen symptoms of anxiety. Non-stimulant medications are a more recent option that has been used to treat ADHD since 2002 (under the brand name Strattera). They do not raise the heart rate or blood pressure, and are less likely than stimulant medications to cause anxiety-related side effects such as shaking, sweating or nervousness. Atomoxetine targets receptors for norepinephrine, a chemical in the brain. It can help improve concentration and reduce impulsivity and hyperactivity. Studies have also proven that it is effective in reducing anxiety symptoms in adolescents and children with ADHD. Researchers collected clinical articles from PubMed EMBASE PsycINFO and PsycINFO in order to determine if atomoxetine reduced anxiety symptoms among children and adolescents with ADHD. Another medication that is effective in relieving anxiety symptoms is bupropion which targets the brain chemical dopamine. Bupropion is usually prescribed to those suffering from ADHD and depression. It can also improve mood and lessen symptoms of anxiety. It is often an excellent idea to identify and treat the root anxiety-related issue before treating the ADHD because that will usually make anxiety symptoms disappear. In some cases, anxiety symptoms in ADHD children may be the cause of their anxiety. The most effective treatment for anxiety in these circumstances is usually cognitive-behavioral therapy as well as psychostimulants. These treatments can help reduce ADHD symptoms and anxiety by addressing the root cause of the problem. Antidepressants are also prescribed to patients suffering from ADHD and anxiety. SSRI antidepressants, which target serotonin in the brain can aid in reducing anxiety symptoms and improve mood. Examples include Zoloft, Lexapro and Sertraline. Your doctor will ultimately determine which medication is right for you. Before recommending a medication they will take into consideration your symptoms, lifestyle and age, as well as other health conditions. It is essential to discuss with your doctor about your goals for treatment and to adhere to a daily routine while taking any medication. Other options Depending on your unique health goals, there are a variety of treatment options that can be beneficial in managing ADHD and anxiety. These include mindfulness meditation and yoga (Emotional Freedom techniques), tapping, sleep, nutrition, exercise, and healthy eating habits. Dr. Hallowell says that people who suffer from anxiety are more likely to develop symptoms of ADHD, making it difficult to treat both conditions simultaneously. He typically prescribes stimulants first to address ADHD before turning to non-stimulant drugs like bupropion, atomoxetine or guanfacine, for anxiety disorders. They are available 24/7 and are not controlled substances like stimulants.